I-phone advertisement Essay Example for Free

I-telephone commercial Essay A colossal measure of potential just as a gigantic measure of debate is related with the new period of recorded music and particularly in regards to how the new advanced innovation relates to specialists eminences and corporate benefits. The issue is fundamentally one of free-get to and the discussion over document sharing and free downloading which has been seething for a long time now. With new items like the I-telephone further building up computerized access and convenientce at the top-level of customer request, the debate in regards to corporate and craftsman eminences and issues of copyright vows to stretch out far into what's to come. The I-telephone is spoken to in an ongoing promotion as nearly as a characteristic power of nature and infers that the individuals who have not encountered its abilities are, actually, carrying on with a lesser-life; (I-unit, 2007) in certainty the new time of music has arrived whether or not the following turn in innovation will grow or limit access for buyers. The general issue can be broken into two sub-issues 1) record sharing by shoppers which brings about eminence misfortunes for the corporate or craftsmen interests and 2) the issue of fan-made remixes of specialists material which may bring about an extreme adjustment of what the craftsman initially expected. All together for the two issues to be tended to at the same time it will be important to receive some type of free document sharing which isn't entirely free, and which we will by and by examine. Proposition My proposition is that all major-mark record organizations incorporate the alternative of a set number of document share downloads which are accessible for the individuals who buy a particular number of items or potentially pay a charge to get to this administration. This means each significant name would post the music on their name on the web and permit free downloads of a part of their list while leaving the most sultry freshest discharges or specialty showcase items in a condition of purchase as it were. At the same time, the marks could offer on online DJ or radio assistance which should work comparably to the Yahoo online Jukebox or other comparative destinations. The free access of tests of the record names list would likewise be a type of music sharing however not document sharing as the records could be heard nearby yet not downloaded. Contradicting Views The new-influx of innovation has not just made it harder for feature craftsmen to guarantee that their due sovereignties are paid to them for their music, yet it has made it significantly more hard for large name specialists to guarantee that anybody is in any event, tuning in to their music by any means. The possibility that little league artists and even un-marked artists and groups can pull in downloads just as those demonstrations and groups which are supported by tremendous companies. The new condition is a double test to music industry players[] To begin with, with so much music accessible, the best danger to enormous record organizations isn't that audience members will expend their music illicitly however that they will devour, regardless of whether legitimately or wrongfully, somebody elses music totally (Drew, 2005; p. 543) which might be the most energizing guarantee of all from a purchasers point of view. Examination sources show that the extreme development has recently started and will have remote that cant be directly anticipated. One legitimate source, Edgar Bronfman Jr., the head of Universal, the universes greatest music company,(Mann, 2000; p. 39) said the accompanying with respect to the eventual fate of the media outlets: a couple of snaps of your mouse will make it workable for you to bring each book at any point written in any language, each film at any point made, each TV program at any point created, and each bit of music at any point recorded. In this immense scholarly center nothing will until kingdom come be no longer in production or difficult to track down; each piece of human culture interpreted, regardless of how dark or monetarily ineffective, will be accessible to all. (Mann, 2000; p. 39) obviously to Bronfman and others like him with a personal stake in the utilization of diversion items, especially music, the new advancements are seen as a shrewd danger. This danger is money related in nature: the idea of such frameworks spreading to films, recordings, books, and magazines has captivated the consideration of craftsmen, authors, and makers (Mann, 2000; p. 40) every one of whom are, clearly, hoping to save and expand their worthwhile budgetary property into the new age. End It is difficult to totally close down document sharing of music on the web or to totally stop online music theft. Nonetheless, a comparable circumstance existed and still exists for motion pictures, TV programs, and computer games which can all be unlawfully recorded and shared just as tore without due compensation to the organizations and craftsmen who delivered them. By embracing new ways to deal with free-share alternatives, record organizations and craftsmen may in any event start to recoup a portion of the lost income base they have encountered as buyers move to unlawful locales for document downloads. References Mysterious. I-telephone notice, filed You-Tube; got to 11-26-07 ; http://youtube. com/watch? v=FLxB4pHH_GY Mann, Charles C. Glorious Jukebox: Rampant Music Piracy May Hurt Musicians Less Than They Fear. the Real Threat to Listeners and, Conceivably, Democracy Itself Is the Music Industrys Reaction to It; The Atlantic Monthly, Vol. 286, September 2000. p. 39+ Drew, Rob. Blended Blessings: The Commercial Mix and the Future of Music Aggregation; Popular Music and Society, Vol. 28, 2005. p. 533+

Questionnaires for dissertation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

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Holism Definition and Examples

Holism Definition and Examples Theories Behavioral Psychology Print What Is Holism? How psychologists use holism to understand behavior By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on July 28, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW on July 28, 2019 Verywell / Laura Porter More in Theories Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In This Article Table of Contents Expand A Closer Look How It’s Used Benefits Drawbacks Psychology Examples Holism vs. Reductionism View All Back To Top In psychology, holism is an approach to understanding the human mind and behavior that focuses on looking at things as a whole. It is often contrasted with reductionism, which instead tries to break things down into their smallest parts. Holism suggests that people are more than simply the sum of their parts. In order to understand how people think, holism suggests that you need to do more than simply focus on how each individual component functions in isolation. Instead, psychologists who take this approach believe that it is more important to look at how all the parts work together. A Closer Look As an approach to understanding systems, holism is used in psychology as well as in other areas including medicine, philosophy, ecology, and economics. One key phrase that summarizes the key idea behind the holistic approach is that “the whole is more than the sum of its parts.” In order to understand why people do the things they do and think the way they think, holism proposes that it is necessary to look at the entire person. Rather than focus on just one aspect of the problem, it is necessary to recognize that various factors interact and influence each other. One reason why it is so important to consider the entire being is that the whole may possess emergent properties. These are qualities or characteristics that are present in the whole but cannot be observed by looking at the individual pieces. Consider the human brain, for example. The brain contains millions of neurons, but just looking at each individual neuron will not tell you what the brain can do. It is only by looking at the brain holistically, by looking at how all the pieces work together, that you can see how messages are transmitted, how memories are stored, and how decisions are made. Even looking at other aspects of the brain such as the individual structures does not really tell the whole story. It is only when taking a more holistic approach that we are truly able to appreciate how all the pieces work together. In fact, one of the earliest debates in the field of neurology centered on whether the brain was homogeneous and could not be broken down further (holism) or whether certain functions were localized in specific cortical areas (reductionism). Today, researchers recognize that certain parts of the brain act in specific ways, but these individual parts interact and work together to create and influence different functions. How Our Brain Neurons Can Change Over Time From Lifes Experience How It’s Used When looking at questions in psychology, researchers might take a holistic approach by considering how different factors work together and interact to influence the entire person. At the broadest level, holism would look at every single influence that might impact behavior or functioning. A humanistic psychologist, for example, might consider an individuals environment (including where they live and work), their social connections (including friends, family, and co-workers), their background (including childhood experiences and educational level), and physical health (including current wellness and stress levels). The goal of this level of analysis is to be able to not only consider how each of these variables might impact overall well-being but to also see how these factors interact and influence one another. In other cases, holism might be a bit more focused. Social psychologists, for example, strive to understand how and why groups behave as they do. Sometimes groups react differently than individuals do, so looking at group behavior more holistically allows research to assess emergent properties that might be present. Benefits Just like the reductionist approach to psychology, holism has both advantages and disadvantages. For example, holism can be helpful at times when looking at the big picture allows the psychologist to see things they might have otherwise missed. In other cases, however, focusing on the whole might cause them to overlook some of the finer details. Some of the key benefits of this perspective include: It Incorporates Many Factors One of the big advantages of the holistic approach is that it allows researchers to assess multiple factors that might contribute to a psychological problem. Rather than simply focusing on one small part of an issue, researchers can instead look at all of the elements that may play a role. This approach can ultimately help them find solutions that address all of the contributing internal and external factors that might be influencing the health of an individual. This is sometimes more effective than addressing smaller components individually. By looking at people holistically, health care providers can address all of the many factors that might affect how a person is feeling, including their mind, their body, and their environment. It Looks at the Big Picture When researching a topic, its frequently helpful to step back and look at the big picture. Reductionism tends to focus solely on the trees, but holism allows psychologists to view the entire forest. This can be true of both the research and treatment of mental health issues. When trying to help a client with symptoms of a psychiatric condition, for example, looking at the patient holistically allows mental health professionals to see all of the factors that affect the patient’s daily life, and also how the patient interacts with their environment. Using this type of approach, therapists are often better able to address individual symptoms. Human behavior is complex, so explaining it often requires an approach that is able to account for this complexity. Holism allows researchers to provide a fully inclusive answer to difficult questions about how people think, feel, and behave. Drawbacks While holism has a number of key advantages, there are also some important drawbacks to consider. Some of these include: It Tends to Be Non-Specific When trying to solve a problem, it is often important to focus on a particular aspect of the issue in order to come up with a solution. Holism tends to be more generalized, which can sometimes make precision more difficult. Scientists, in particular, must be able to focus their research on clearly defined variables and hypotheses. Looking at something too broadly can make it difficult to conduct tests using the scientific method, largely due to the fact that it incorporates so many varied factors and influences. It Can Be Overly Complex Because holism is so all-inclusive, it can make scientific investigations very challenging and complex. There may be many different variables to account for, as well as a plethora of potential interactions. This can make this approach unwieldy at times. Examples in Psychology There are a number of examples in the field of psychology of how holism can be used to view the human mind and behavior. The early schools of thought, structuralism and functionalism, are good examples of reductionist and holistic views. Structuralism focused on breaking down elements of behavior into their smallest possible components (reductionism), whereas functionalism focused on looking at things as a whole and considering the actual purpose and function of behaviors (holism). Throughout history, there have been other perspectives and branches of psychology that have also taken a holistic approach. Gestalt Psychology Gestalt psychology is a school of thought that is rooted in holism. The Gestalt psychologists not only believed that human behavior needed to be viewed as a whole; they also worked to understand how the human mind itself uses a holistic approach to make sense of the world. The Gestalt laws of perceptual organization, demonstrate that the ways in which individual items relate to one another can influence how we see them. When similar items are viewed together, the law of similarity, for example, suggests that people will perceive them as components of a whole. Humanistic Psychology Humanistic psychology is a branch of psychology that emerged in the 1950s partially as a response to behaviorism. Where behaviorism had taken a reductionist approach to explain human behavior, humanist thinkers are more interested in looking at behavior holistically. This approach to psychology looks at all of the factors that contribute to how people think and act, as well as how all of these different components interact. Abraham Maslow’s famous hierarchy of needs is one example of a humanistic theory that takes a holistic look at human motivation. This theory doesnt focus on any single aspect of motivation. Instead, it incorporates many aspects including environmental, social, and emotional influences. Social Psychology Social psychology tends to take a holistic approach since it considers individuals in their social context. In particular, this branch of psychology looks at how group behavior is often different than individual behavior, which is a good example of emergent properties and the sum being more than its parts. Holism vs. Reductionism One way to look at how holism and reductionism are used is to observe how these approaches might be applied when studying a specific psychological problem. Imagine that researchers are interested in learning more about depression. A scientist using the reductionist approach might look at a highly specific factor that influences depression, such as neurotransmitter levels in the brain.A researcher using the holistic approach might instead focus on understanding how different contributing factors might interact, such as examining how thought patterns, social relationships, and neurotransmitter levels influence a person’s depression levels. A Word From Verywell Much of the appeal of holism lies in its ability to incorporate all of the elements that make us who we are. People are infinitely complex and varied, and holism is able to address all of the external and internal factors that influence our past, present, and future. Different areas of psychology often tend to focus on either one approach or the other. While reductionism and holism are often pitted against one another, they both serve an important role in helping researchers better understand human psychology. The 7 Major Schools of Thought in Psychology